A glucose meter is an electronic device used to monitor blood glucose levels in people diagnosed with diabetes. Diabetics rely on glucose meters daily to accurately measure and effectively treat hypoglycemia to avoid life-threatening complications such as fatigue, loss of consciousness and coma. There are many features that should be taken into consideration when deciding on a model to improve glucose meter utility and to fully maximize the features that are offered. One type of glucose meter may not be the optimal type for every patient.
Blood glucose levels are measured by taking a small blood sample with a sharp lancet. The blood sample is placed on a test strip containing reactive components that convert the glucose in the sample into an electric signal to be detected and measured by the meter. Some meters are able to measure other compounds to detect serious complications of diabetes such as ketoacidosis. A glucose meter displays measurements in mg/dl or mmol/l depending on the patient’s requirements. Many meters are also able to toggle between units of measurement. Some glucose meters are also equipped with internal clocks and memory systems that can be used to record past blood sugar readings to help recognize trends and patterns. Data collection features have evolved to include diabetes management software that can connect a glucose meter to computers, PDAs, or cellular devices. Meters can also accommodate other data such as insulin dosages, carbohydrate consumption and activity levels. Another important feature to consider when choosing a glucose meter is meter accuracy. Some meters display plasma glucose levels that are generally 10-15% higher than whole blood glucose levels. Multi-use test strips can reduce the cost of daily blood sugar monitoring for patients. Glucose meters may also require test strips that utilize a coding system to calibrate the meter to the batch of test strips. Some are now auto-coded where each strip contains its own code. Other systems have a single code to avoid entering the wrong code into the glucose meter to prevent inaccurate readings.
Features of the glucose meter can also be customizable for the patient’s preferences. Portability and meter size should fit the needs of the patient. Most meters are battery powered or chargeable via AC outlets. Sample sizes required by different models vary from 0.3 to 1 microliter. Smaller sample sizes may help to reduce the frequency of painful lancing. Smaller samples also enable alternative site testing so that less sensitive areas of the body can be used to obtain blood samples. Testing time also varies from three seconds to one minute depends on the model of glucose meter. There are other features that increase patient utility such as talking meters, alarms for regular testing, as well as adjustable display size and brightness.
It is critical for patients to evaluate the features offered by each glucose meter before choosing the right one. Tailoring meter choice to patient lifestyle can make taking blood sugar levels easier and further integrate the practice into patient lives. Some things to consider when choosing a glucose meter are the sensitivity of testing sites, how much data the patient needs to record, the preferred method of data reporting, and the features that will ensure ease of use for the patient. It is important to consult a doctor before purchasing a glucose meter to ensure that it is the right meter for a patient’s needs.